HMPV outbreak: Will your health insurance cover HMPV cases?

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Feb 10, 2025
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The healthcare landscape in India continues to evolve, with new diseases making headlines. One such illness garnering attention is the Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV).

However, with increasing cases, especially when the healthcare system is already stretched, an important question arises: Will your health insurance cover the expenses related to HMPV? Let’s explore.

What is HMPV?

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus that belongs to the Pneumoviridae family, which also includes the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It was first identified in 2001 in the Netherlands and has likely been circulating among humans for many decades, contributing to respiratory infections worldwide.

It spreads through close contact with infected individuals via respiratory droplets or aerosols released during coughing or sneezing. Unlike COVID-19, the HMPV virus does not exhibit patterns of widespread outbreaks but is still a significant cause of respiratory illness.

Is Your Health Insurance Ready for HMPV-Related Costs?

When it comes to managing HMPV-related expenses, understanding the coverage offered by your health insurance policy is vital.

Here’s what you should know:

  1. Hospitalisation Costs: Most comprehensive health insurance policies, including family-focused plans, cover hospitalisation expenses if the diagnosis and treatment require in-patient care.

  2. Pre and Post-Hospitalisation: Many health insurance policies also extend coverage for pre- and post-hospitalisation expenses, typically up to 30 days before and 60 days after hospitalisation. This can include diagnostic tests and follow-up treatments for HMPV.

  3. Exclusions: Policies vary, and certain exclusions may apply. Outpatient (OPD) consultations or treatments at unregistered medical facilities might not be covered. Reading the policy’s fine print is essential.

  4. Family Health Insurance Policies: If you have a health insurance policy for family members, ensure it includes coverage for emerging diseases like HMPV.

The Impact of HMPV in India

India recently confirmed its first cases of HMPV. The cases were reported across several cities, including Nagpur, Bengaluru, Ahmedabad and Chennai. Among those infected are young children, highlighting the virus's potential impact on vulnerable populations.

Current Situation

  • Confirmed Cases: There are seven human metapneumovirus cases in India as of January 7, 2025, primarily affecting infants and toddlers.

  • Geographical Spread: Cases have been reported in multiple states, including Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu, prompting local health authorities to monitor the situation closely.

Public Health Response

  • Government Measures: The Indian government has urged states to increase the lookout for respiratory illnesses and promote awareness regarding preventive measures such as wearing a mask in crowded areas.

  • Health Expert Insights: Medical professionals emphasise that the HMPV virus is not new; it has been circulating globally since its identification in 2001. Most infections are mild, typically presenting with symptoms similar to those of the common cold.

Government Actions to Tackle HMPV Spread

The Indian government has taken proactive measures to address the growing threat of HMPV:

  • Surveillance: Enhanced monitoring of respiratory illnesses to detect and report cases promptly.

  • Awareness Campaigns: Educate the public about HMPV symptoms, prevention, and when to seek medical help.

  • Healthcare Infrastructure: Strengthening healthcare facilities to accommodate an increase in respiratory illness cases, including HMPV.

These steps are crucial to controlling the spread and ensuring timely treatment.

Symptoms of HMPV

HMPV symptoms often mimic common respiratory illnesses, making diagnosing it challenging.

HMPV typically presents with cold or flu-like symptoms. These symptoms are generally mild in healthy adults and usually resolve within a few days. However, they can escalate in vulnerable populations with pre-existing conditions.

●      Symptoms in Children

In children, especially those under five years old, HMPV can lead to more severe respiratory issues. Common symptoms include:

-     Cough

-     Runny nose

-     Fever

-     Wheezing

-     Difficulty breathing

-     Vomiting

Severe cases may result in complications such as bronchiolitis or pneumonia, necessitating medical attention.

●      Symptoms in Adults

For healthy adults, the symptoms are typically mild but can include:

-     Runny or stuffy nose

-     Sore throat

-     Cough

-     Low-grade fever

Older adults and those with compromised immunity may experience more severe symptoms, including:

-     High fever

-     Wheezing

-     Difficulty breathing

●      Severe Symptoms

In some cases, HMPV can lead to serious health issues. Severe symptoms that warrant immediate medical attention include:

-     Wheezing

-     Shortness of breath

-     Chest pain

-     Dizziness

-     Severe fatigue

In severe cases, the HMPV virus can lead to complications such as bronchitis or pneumonia. If symptoms persist or worsen, immediate medical attention is important.

Treatment for HMPV

Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for HMPV. Management involves supportive care to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications:

  1. Symptomatic Relief: Medications for fever, pain, and congestion are commonly prescribed.

  2. Hospitalisation: Severe cases requiring oxygen therapy or ventilator support are managed in healthcare facilities.

  3. Home Care: Rest, hydration, and a nutrient-rich diet are critical in recovery.

Prevention remains key, with properly washing hands, mask-wearing, and avoiding crowded places forming the first line of defence.

Conclusion

As human metapneumovirus cases rise, ensuring adequate health insurance coverage has never been more critical. Comprehensive policies such as those offered by SBI General Insurance provide extensive coverage, including hospitalisation and related expenses for respiratory illnesses like HMPV. By choosing a reliable medical insurance policy, you can safeguard yourself and your loved ones against unexpected medical costs, giving you peace of mind during these uncertain times.

Stay informed, stay protected, and choose the right health insurance to face challenges like HMPV head-on.

Disclaimer: The above information is indicative in nature. For more details on the risk factor, terms and conditions, please refer to the Sales Brochure and Policy Wordings carefully before concluding a sale.

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Vitamin A is a vital nutrient that plays a key role in maintaining overall health, supporting vision, immune function, skin health, and more. As a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin A exists in two main forms: retinoids (found in animal products) and carotenoids (found in plant-based foods). Retinoids are readily usable by the body, while carotenoids must be converted into the active form of vitamin A.

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Role of Vitamin A in Health

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1. Antioxidant Protection: As an antioxidant, vitamin A helps prevent cellular damage from free radicals, which can lead to chronic diseases and ageing.

2. Immunity: Vitamin A is crucial for maintaining immune function, and enhancing the body’s response to infections.

3. Eye Health: Known for promoting good vision, vitamin A helps prevent night blindness and age-related vision problems.

4. Skin Health: Vitamin A supports skin health by promoting cell growth, reducing wrinkles, and addressing acne concerns.

5. Organ Functioning: It aids in the proper functioning of the heart, lungs, and kidneys.

6. Reproductive Health: Vitamin A plays a role in reproductive health and foetal development, making it essential for pregnant women.

7. Foetal Development: It is critical for foetal tissue and organ development during pregnancy.

8. Teeth and Gums: It contributes to healthy teeth and gums, supporting oral health.

Also Read: 6 Key Pregnancy Care Tips You Should Know

Animal Foods High in Vitamin A

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Name Particulars
Liver (beef, lamb, chicken) Extremely rich in vitamin A; 100 grams provide more than 6 times the daily requirement
Cod Liver Oil A tablespoon provides up to 4,500 mcg of vitamin A
Dairy Products (Milk, Cheese, Butter) Source of vitamin A in moderate amounts, especially whole milk products
Eggs Egg yolks contain around 140 mcg per 100 gms
Fish Fatty fish is a good source of vitamin A, particularly retinol.
Shellfish Provides moderate amounts of vitamin A, along with other essential nutrients.

Vegetables High in Vitamin A

Vegetables, particularly those that are orange, yellow, or dark green, are rich in carotenoids, which the body can convert to vitamin A. Here is a chart listing vegetables that are vitamin A high foods.

Name Particulars
Sweet Potato Contains around 1400 mcg per medium potato, providing well over the daily recommended intake
Carrot A single large carrot offers about 1,000 mcg of vitamin A.
Spinach Once cup cooked provides approx. 943 mcg
Kale A cup cooked provides approximately 943 mcg
Red Bell Pepper Provides about 140 mcg per 100 grams
Butternut Squash Offers around 1,000 mcg per cup
Collard Greens Contains 770 mcg per cooked cup
Swiss Chard A good source, with 300 mcg per cup.

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Fruits High in Vitamin A

Certain fruits, especially those with orange or yellow pigmentation, are rich in beta-carotene and contribute to daily vitamin A intake.

Name Particulars
Mango Contains about 54 mcg of vitamin A per 100 gms.
Cantaloupe A cup of diced cantaloupe provides 270 mcg.
Papaya Offers around 47 mcg per 100 gms.
Apricots Dried apricots are rich in vitamin A, with 96 mcg per fruit.
Guava Contains about 31 mcg per 100 gms.
Watermelon A cup of watermelon offers around 43 mcg.

Signs of Vitamin A Deficiency and Toxicity

Vitamin A deficiency is relatively common and can lead to symptoms like night blindness, dry skin, poor immune response, and growth delays in children. Severe vitamin A deficiency can cause complete blindness and increase the risk of infections. Here are a few signs and symptoms of vitamin A deficiency:-

1) Irregular white deposits in eyes

2) Delayed Growth (in children)

3) Infertility

4) Infections

5) Night Blindness

6) Lack of quick healing of wounds

If these signs are observed it is recommended to take the required tests and get medications from a doctor.

On the other hand, excess vitamin A, primarily from supplements, can lead to toxicity. Symptoms include dizziness, nausea, and even liver damage in severe cases. It’s essential to balance vitamin A intake and avoid excessive supplementation.

Conclusion

Vitamin A is essential for overall health, supporting skin, vision, immune function, and reproductive health. By incorporating a variety of vitamin A sources—such as liver, dairy, carrots, and leafy greens—one can easily meet daily requirements and enjoy a balanced diet. To safeguard long-term health, consider monitoring your diet and explore a health insurance policy that promotes regular health check-ups and preventive care.

Frequently Asked Questions

1) How can I increase my vitamin A?

To boost vitamin A intake, incorporate foods rich in both retinoids (from animal products) and carotenoids (from plants) into your diet. Add liver, dairy, carrots, and leafy greens to your meals regularly.

2) How do you increase vitamin A absorption?

Since vitamin A is fat-soluble, pairing it with healthy fats (such as olive oil or avocado) can enhance absorption. This helps the body more effectively utilise the nutrient.

3) What are the symptoms of low vitamin A?

Signs of vitamin A deficiency include night blindness, dry skin, increased risk of infections, and, in severe cases, complete blindness. Other symptoms may include delayed growth in children and poor wound healing.

Disclaimer: The above information is indicative in nature. For more details on the risk factor, terms and conditions, please refer to the Sales Brochure and Policy Wordings carefully before concluding a sale.